关系代词which与that的区别

关系代词which与that的区别

两者都可用作关系代词引导定语从句，指物时有时可互换。如：

Did you see the letter that [which] came today? 你看到今天来的那封信了吗?

This is the book which [that] I told you about. 这就是我曾跟你谈起过的那本书。

但要注意，下列情况一般不宜换用：

1. 通常只用 which 的场合:

引导非限制性定语从句时:

I lost my watch, which is not found yet. 我把表丢了，到现在还没有找到。

He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意，这使我们大家很生气。

直接放在介词后作宾语时:

This is the book of which I was speaking. 这本书就是我跟你们提到过的那本书。

The tool with which he is working is called a hammer. 他干活用的那个工具叫做锤子。

2. 通常要用 that 的场合：

当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时：much, little, none, all, few, every，any，no等。如：

All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。

I never took anything that didn’t belong to me. 我从来不拿不属于我的东西。

All [Everything] that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必须做。

当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时。如：

Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。

This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。

当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词等修饰时。如：

This is the most interesting story that I’ve ever read. 这是我所读过的最有趣的故事。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。

当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时。如：

China is not the country it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。

当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。如：

The train ran over a boy and his dog that were justcrossing the track. 火车压死了正穿越轨道的一个男孩和他的狗。

当要避免重复时。如：

Which is the car that overtook us? 超过我们的是哪辆车?